Final answer:
High rates of birth defects are not directly associated with subsurface mining as an occupational health concern, but other related environmental factors might contribute to regional health issues in mining communities.
Step-by-step explanation:
Subsurface mining can lead to many health concerns for workers, but not all options listed are correct. The real risks involve the inhalation of gases and particles, risk of accidental burial as well as explosions and fires, and risk of respiratory diseases like black lung and lung cancer. However, specifically high rates of birth defects are generally not associated directly with subsurface coal mining, but other environmental factors in mining areas could contribute to community health issues. It is important to note that subsurface mining has historically been very dangerous, with the potential for accidents and long-term health problems for those working in this field.