Final answer:
The Schuman Plan, proposed on May 9, 1950, by French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman, aimed to prevent war by pooling coal and steel production and led to the formation of the European Coal and Steel Community. The Marshall Plan, proposed in 1948 by the U.S., involved aiding Europe's economy to restore stability and prevent the spread of Communism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Schuman Plan was proposed by French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman on May 9, 1950. The plan was named after him and it was for the creation of a supranational European institution that would pool coal and steel production of its member countries. This proposal was designed to prevent war between France and Germany by making it economically impossible for them to go to war with each other. The Schuman Plan led to the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951. The ECSC was a precursor to the European Economic Community (EEC) and, ultimately, the European Union (EU).
While the Schuman Plan was focused on coal and steel, the Marshall Plan, officially known as the European Recovery Program, was proposed earlier by the United States in 1948 to provide economic assistance to help rebuild European countries after World War II. George C. Marshall, the U.S. Secretary of State at the time, promoted this plan which allocated over $12 billion in aid to Europe in order to restore economic stability, prevent the spread of Communism, and revitalize global trade.