Final answer:
The nurse should educate the client on the use of a nitroglycerin patch by applying it to a clean, flat area, following the prescribed schedule to prevent tolerance, managing common side effects, practicing safe storage, avoiding cutting the patches, and the need for regular follow-up appointments.
Step-by-step explanation:
When teaching a client about a nitroglycerin patch, a nurse should include several important pieces of information. First and foremost, it is essential to explain that the nitroglycerin patch is used to prevent episodes of angina (chest pain) by dilating blood vessels to improve blood flow to the heart. The nurse should instruct the client on how to properly apply the patch, typically to a flat area on the body such as the chest or upper arm, ensuring the area is clean, dry, and free of hair.
The nurse should emphasize the importance of following the prescribed schedule for wearing the patch, which often includes a patch-free period to prevent tolerance. Clients should be aware that they may experience side effects, such as headaches, dizziness, or lightheadedness, which are common when starting the therapy but should diminish over time. If the side effects are severe or persistent, the client should contact their healthcare provider. Additionally, the nurse should advise the client to sit or lie down if they experience dizziness or lightheadedness to avoid falls.
Lastly, the client must be educated on the proper storage of the patches, keeping them away from children and disposing of them safely by folding them in half with the sticky sides together and placing them in a safe waste container. The client should never cut the patches unless instructed to do so by a healthcare provider. The nurse should also remind the client of the importance of regular follow-up appointments to monitor the effectiveness and any potential side effects of the treatment.