Final answer:
The component of the quadruple aim, which underscores value-based care, is 'Improved patient outcomes'. This aim is designed to enhance patient experience, better population health, and improve the work life for healthcare providers while reducing costs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The quadruple aim in healthcare is a framework that intends to improve the delivery of value-based care. Out of the options provided, the one that is a component of the quadruple aim is c) Improved patient outcomes. The quadruple aim focuses on four key areas: enhancing patient experience, improving population health, reducing costs, and improving the work life of health care providers. Improved patient outcomes is directly related to enhancing patient experience and improving population health, which are core objectives of the quadruple aim. The other options, increased testing, increased revenue, and improved prevention screening, although relevant to healthcare delivery, are not specific components of the quadruple aim.