Final answer:
Historical philosophers and religious thinkers provide Ishmael with perspectives that can give him strength. Ishmael may gain understanding from Philo's reconciliation of Jewish and Greek ideas, as well as Islamic scholars who connected ancient and Islamic thought. Embracing these insightful habits of mind can lead to personal transformation and resilience.
Step-by-step explanation:
The kinds of thoughts and ideas that help Ishmael gain perspective on his situation involve the insights of historical philosophers and religious thinkers. The philosophies and teachings from different traditions can provide strength and wisdom to individuals facing crises or seeking understanding of their circumstances. Ishmael, could, for instance, find solace and insight in the writings of Philo of Alexandria, who sought to reconcile Jewish scripture with Greek philosophy, or the works of Islamic scholars like al-Farabi and Ibn Sina, who blended the ancient Greek traditions with Islamic thought.
As a philosophy student, understanding these various thought systems could help one become more aware of the pitfalls of everyday thinking and instead foster critical thinking. This reflective and analytical approach can help individuals understand their place in the world and make informed decisions based on well-defended philosophical positions. Additionally, characters like Ishmael might find inspiration in the philosophical notion that faith and reason are compatible, as proposed by Ibn Rushd, who emphasized the Quranic call for intellectual reflection upon God and His creation.
Ultimately, embracing the habits of mind associated with philosophical inquiry can lead to a transformative effect, providing a richer sense of self and a firmer grasp of one's role in the world, giving Ishmael or any individual the strength to persevere through adversity.