Final answer:
a) Journalist. Gabriel García Márquez trained to be a journalist and published his first short story in 1947. He was part of the Latin American "boom" literary movement, known for incorporating magical realism in their work.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gabriel García Márquez trained to be a journalist and published his first short story in 1947. He was known for recording the haphazard political history of Latin American life through his fiction, and he was part of the Latin American "boom" literary movement. This movement included other writers who incorporated aspects of magical realism in their work, such as Mario Vargas Llosa, Julio Cortázar, and Carlos Fuentes. Later writers like Isabel Allende and Salman Rushdie adapted the genre to different cultural and historical experiences.