Final answer:
A history indicative of low bone mineral density involves stress fractures and weak bones prone to fracture. Osteoporosis is associated with risk factors such as older age, female sex, and family history, leading to decreased bone density and bone fragility.
Step-by-step explanation:
Some of the features of a history that would fall within the ACSM definition of low bone mineral density (BMD) include stress fractures and low bone mineral density, indicating abnormally weak bones prone to breakage and fracturing upon mild trauma. Risk factors for osteoporosis, a condition characterized by decreased bone density and increased bone fragility, include older age, female sex, European or Asian ancestry, family history of osteoporosis, short stature and small bones, smoking, alcohol consumption, lack of exercise, vitamin D deficiency, and poor nutrition. These factors contribute to the development of osteoporosis, during which there can be an inadequate formation of new bone by osteoblasts, and individuals who never develop normal peak bone mass during their young adult years are more likely to develop this condition.