Final answer:
115 VAC can be reduced to 26 VAC using a transformer, which changes voltage levels based on the ratio of winding turns between the primary and secondary coils.
Step-by-step explanation:
115 VAC can be reduced to 26 VAC using a transformer. Transformers function by transferring electrical energy between circuits through inductively coupled conductors—the transformer's coils or 'windings'. For stepping down voltage, the secondary winding has fewer turns than the primary winding, thus decreasing the voltage.
Based on the principles of electromagnetic induction, transformers are able to either step up or step down voltages for various applications. In residential settings, they're frequently used to convert the higher distribution voltages to the lower voltages used within homes.
Example Calculation
If a transformer is used to step down 110 V to 9 V and the primary winding has 500 turns, the secondary winding would have fewer turns proportional to the voltage ratio, which can be calculated using the formula:
- Ns / Np = Vs / Vp
- Ns = Np * (Vs / Vp)
- Ns = 500 * (9V / 110V) = 40.9 turns (approximately)
Transformers, therefore, offer a practical and efficient means of voltage conversion for electrical devices. Rectifiers, capacitors, and resistors, although involved in various other electrical functions, do not step down AC voltages in the same manner.