Final answer:
The surgical removal of both fallopian tubes and ovaries is not specified among the given options, so the correct answer is None of the above (D). The other terms - Hysterectomy, Oophorectomy, Salpingectomy - refer to the removal of different reproductive organs .
Step-by-step explanation:
The surgical removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries is known as a Salpingo-oophorectomy. However, this was not one of the options provided. Among the provided options, Oophorectomy (B) refers to the surgical removal of the ovaries, and Salpingectomy (C) refers to the removal of the fallopian tubes.
A Hysterectomy (A) is the removal of the uterus and does not necessarily include the removal of the fallopian tubes or ovaries, although it can be performed in conjunction with an oophorectomy or salpingectomy. Given the question, the answer would be None of the above (D) as the combined procedure was not specifically named in the options.
Female sterilization is commonly achieved through a procedure called tubal ligation, where the fallopian tubes are either tied or cut, or by inserting metal implants that cause scar tissue to form, subsequently blocking the tubes. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a procedure that can be considered for a couple facing infertility issues due to blocked oviducts, among other treatments.