Final answer:
The explanation of crime in classical and neoclassical theories is based on the assumption that criminal behavior is a rational choice, where individuals weigh the benefits against the costs, including punishment and the chance of getting caught.
Step-by-step explanation:
In classical and neoclassical theories of criminology, the explanation of crime is primarily based on the assumption that criminal behavior is a rational choice. This perspective suggests that individuals commit crimes after weighing the potential benefits against the costs, such as punishment or the probability of getting caught. If the perceived benefits outweigh the risks, a person may decide to engage in criminal activity according to these theories.
Socrates also touched upon the nature of wrongdoing, arguing that when people do wrong, it's because they mistake the wrongdoing for a good act due to ignorance. If they were truly aware of the wrongness of their actions, they would not commit them, as all individuals naturally desire what appears to be good to them.