Final answer:
Fallacies are statements based on faulty reasoning and are known as fallacies. They can be classified into four general categories: fallacies of relevance, fallacies of weak induction, fallacies of unwarranted assumption, and fallacies of diversion.
Step-by-step explanation:
Fallacies are statements based on faulty reasoning and are known as fallacies. When judging the credibility of an argument, it is important to identify these fallacies to determine the validity of the argument. Fallacies can be classified into four general categories: fallacies of relevance, fallacies of weak induction, fallacies of unwarranted assumption, and fallacies of diversion.