Final answer:
The mismatch between prospective and emergent strategies exists due to the unpredictability of unstable environments, the strategic actions of others, and the prevalence of imperfect information. While prospective strategies are planned based on predictions, emergent strategies evolve in response to actual events, leading to adaptations that may not align with the original plans.
Step-by-step explanation:
Imperfect Match Between Prospective and Emergent Strategy
The imperfect match between prospective strategy, which is a planned approach, and emergent strategy, which unfolds in response to unforeseen events, is often due to differences in environmental stability. In a stable environment, where conditions are predictable, a Type I strategy is more common, allowing organizations to plan and execute strategies with a higher degree of certainty. Conversely, in unstable environments, characterized by unpredictable and dynamic circumstances, a Type III strategy becomes more prevalent, as organizations must react swiftly to emerging challenges and opportunities, leading to a natural divergence between initial plans and actual strategies implemented.
Strategic actions are influenced by various factors, including the strategic actions of others, such as competitors in the business world or opponents in a game of chess. This interplay creates complexities that make it difficult to perfectly align prospective and emergent strategies. Additionally, imperfect information, inherent to most real-life situations, further complicates strategy formulation and execution. This is visible in various markets, where information asymmetry between buyers and sellers can lead to difficulty in agreeing upon a price.
Ultimately, the evolutionary perspective, that strategies evolve to exploit advantages, acknowledges that plans must be adapted to the 'game's' current state, and not all predicted scenarios will align with reality. Being flexible, expecting the unexpected, and preparing for diverse outcomes helps mitigate the discrepancy between prospective and emergent strategies.