Final answer:
The four regions of the brain are the cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem, and diencephalon. The cerebrum is subdivided into lobes, which are the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. (option c)
Step-by-step explanation:
The brain is divided into three major parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. These are the regions that coordinate our cognitive, motor, and automatic functions. The brain is divided into four regions is cerebellum, diencephalon, brainstem, and cerebrum. While the frontal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, and parietal lobe are indeed regions of the brain, they specifically refer to the subdivisions of the cerebrum itself, not distinct, separate sections of the entire brain.
The cerebrum has two hemispheres and is responsible for complex thought processes and controls voluntary muscle activity. It is divided into the four lobes mentioned. The cerebellum aids in the coordination of movements and balance. The brain stem, which includes the medulla and pons, is responsible for basic life functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure. The diencephalon includes structures such as the thalamus and hypothalamus, essential for sensory information processing and endocrine system regulation, respectively.
The spinal cord, another critical structure, functions mainly to connect the brain with the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and controls reflexes. However, it is not traditionally considered one of the main regions of the brain.