Final answer:
An ileostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an opening from the distal ileum through the abdominal wall to allow chyme to exit when the large intestine is removed or cannot be connected to the anus. The ileocecal sphincter regulates the passage of chyme from the small to large intestine. This operation is crucial when the large intestine is not functional or removed.
Step-by-step explanation:
Surgical Opening of the Ileum
The surgical opening of the ileum to allow chyme from the small intestine to empty through the abdominal wall is known as an ileostomy. This procedure may be necessary when the large intestine is removed due to conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, or when a new fecal pouch cannot be created and sutured to the anus. During an ileostomy, the distal ileum is brought through the abdominal wall, and the watery chyme is collected in a bag-like adhesive appliance.
In cases where an ileostomy is performed, it's important to understand the digestive functions of the large intestine and how its removal may impact the body. While the large intestine reabsorbs water and processes waste, its removal does not significantly affect the digestion of nutrients. The ileocecal sphincter controls the flow from the small intestine to the large intestine by relaxing to allow the chyme to enter the cecum and contracting to prevent backflow.
It should be noted that while the large intestine plays a role in processing waste, an ileostomy can be a life-saving measure and allows individuals to continue to function without their large intestine. The care and maintenance of the ileostomy are essential parts of post-surgical treatment.