Final answer:
Diverticulosis refers to the presence of bulging pouches in the GI tract, and when inflamed, it is known as diverticulitis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The presence of bulging pouches in the wall of the GI tract where the lining has pushed into the surrounding muscle describes a condition known as diverticulosis. When these pouches, called diverticula, become inflamed, the condition is referred to as diverticulitis. Similar to how appendicitis refers to an inflamed appendix, diverticulitis signifies the infection and inflammation of the diverticula in the large intestine. This condition can lead to symptoms such as lower abdominal pain, fever, and changes in bowel habits like diarrhea or constipation. Treatments for diverticulitis typically include antibiotics and a temporary change in diet to allow the bowel to rest.