Final answer:
The insect orders Orthoptera and Hemiptera have the same mouthparts as immatures and adults, undergoing gradual metamorphosis. Therefore, the correct answer is d. both b and c.
Step-by-step explanation:
The insect orders that have the same mouthparts as immatures and adults are Orthoptera, which includes grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids, and Hemiptera, which includes true bugs. These orders undergo a gradual or incomplete metamorphosis where juveniles generally resemble adults, but are wingless, and the transition to adult form occurs progressively through molts without entering a pupal stage.
In contrast, Lepidoptera, which includes butterflies and moths, undergo complete metamorphosis where larvae (caterpillars) have different mouthparts adapted for chewing, compared to the adults, which possess a proboscis adapted for sipping nectar. Therefore, the correct answer is d. both b and c, meaning Orthoptera and Hemiptera.