Final answer:
Grocery store managers argue that lower temperatures in summer reduce overall energy consumption due to the refrigeration units working less intensively. Expressive leaders, like a director of a summer camp for sick children, focus on emotional and social group needs. Shareholders choose company managers via a board of directors, and businesses must weigh the pros and cons of borrowing versus issuing stock for financial expansion.
Step-by-step explanation:
Grocery Store Energy Consumption in Summer
Grocery store managers believe that there is less total energy consumption when the store is kept at a low temperature during the summer. This seems counterintuitive at first since air conditioning to lower temperatures would normally increase energy usage. However, the presence of numerous refrigerators and freezers in a store could justify this claim. These units have to work harder to maintain their inside temperature when the ambient temperature is higher. So, by keeping the store cooler, it can alleviate the work these units have to do to stay cool, which could lead to a decrease in overall energy consumption.
Refrigerators and Store Cooling
It's a common misconception that leaving the refrigerator door open can cool a kitchen; this isn't true. A refrigerator extracts heat from its interior and releases it into the environment. When left open, it ends up drawing more energy to maintain its internal temperature, while also warming up the space overall due to the heat exchange process. Thus, a fridge door left open would not cool a kitchen but would rather increase energy usage and warm the area.Expressive Leadership An expressive leader is typically more concerned with maintaining group harmony and morale than with achieving specific goals. Among the options provided, c. The director of a summer camp for chronically ill children is more likely to be an expressive leader because the nature of the role requires attending to the emotional and social needs of the children.
This contrasts with leadership roles focused on efficiency and goal-oriented outcomes, such as a store manager.Corporate Structure and Shareholders.Shareholders of a company typically choose company managers through a board of directors. The shareholders vote to elect board members, who then have the responsibility of making key decisions such as appointing company managers. The board's duty is to ensure that the managers act in the best interest of the shareholders and the company. Regarding financial choices for business expansion, the decision between borrowing and issuing stock involves trade-offs such as retaining control versus sharing ownership with investors, and should be made based on the company's situation, market conditions, and growth strategy.