Final answer:
Volume and mass are extensive properties because they change in accordance with the amount of the substance. Extensive properties measure the quantity of matter, while intensive properties like temperature are inherent and independent of quantity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Volume and mass are examples of extensive properties because they depend on the amount of matter in the sample. An extensive property is a physical characteristic that will change if the quantity of the substance changes. For example, a gallon of milk will have more mass than a cup of milk, illustrating that mass is proportional to the amount of matter. Similarly, the volume that the milk occupies is also greater for the gallon than for the cup, demonstrating that volume is an extensive property as well.
Intensive properties, by contrast, do not depend on the quantity of matter. An example of an intensive property is temperature; both a gallon and a cup of milk can be at the same temperature, which remains unchanged whether they are combined or separate. A useful way to consider these properties is to remember that extensive properties measure the extent of matter, while intensive properties are intrinsic to the substance no matter the amount.