Final answer:
Stabilizing selection occurs when phenotypes at extremes are selected against. One example could be butterflies that have eyespots, which mimic a predator of the bird, increasing their survival rate. Another example could be goldenrod flies, where brighter coloration may increase their chances of survival.
Step-by-step explanation:
Stabilizing selection occurs when phenotypes at both extremes of the phenotypic distribution are selected against. One example is human birth weight, where very large and very small babies are less likely to survive. Another example could be butterflies and goldenrod flies; if butterflies that have eyespots are more likely to survive because they mimic a predator of the bird, then the butterfly population will be selected in favor of the eyespot trait. Similarly, if goldenrod flies that have brighter coloration are more likely to survive, then the population of goldenrod flies will be selected in favor of brighter coloration.