Final answer:
In the experiment with radish seedlings, the independent variable is the color of light, as it is the factor that's changed to observe its effects on the dependent variable, which is plant height.
Step-by-step explanation:
The independent variable is the factor that is changed or manipulated during an experiment to see its effect on the dependent variable. In the experiment where 20 radish seedlings were grown under different colors of light (red, blue, green, and white), the independent variable is the color of the light the seedlings were exposed to. The dependent variable, which is measured and expected to change in response to variations in the independent variable, would be the height of the plants in this case.