Final answer:
Microtubules are the cytoskeletal structures that grow from a centrosome toward the cell periphery and play a key role in cell shape, division, and organelle movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Microtubules is the cytoskeletal structure that grows toward the cell periphery from a centrosome. Microtubules are composed of alpha and beta-tubulin dimers that assemble into hollow cylinders. These structures are essential for maintaining cell shape, enabling organelle movement within the cell, and participating in cell division. They form the mitotic spindle that distributes chromosomes during cell division and are components of cilia and flagella. Actin filaments, also known as microfilaments, are made up of actin and are primarily involved in maintaining and changing cell shape as well as facilitating movement. Intermediate filaments, on the other hand, provide tensile strength and help maintain the structural integrity of the cell by anchoring organelles.