Final answer:
The French Revolution was a period of radical change in France, characterized by the move from monarchy to republic, extensive social and political reforms, and the dramatic impact on the structure of European nations and the concept of national identity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that best describes the French Revolution is: A chaotic and violent period that saw the government and society of France dramatically change. The revolution began in 1789, sparked by a financial crisis, poor harvests, and the influence of Enlightenment ideas. Initially, revolutionaries sought a constitution to limit the power of the king.
However, the revolution grew into a much more radical recalibration of French society and politics - a time known as the Reign of Terror, which saw extreme violence and the execution of the king and queen.
The revolutionaries established a republic that challenged the traditional monarchy and aristocracy, which led to significant social and political reforms across Europe, influencing the character of modern nations and fostering the idea of national identity.