Final answer:
The largest portion of the federal government's budget is spent on national defense, Social Security, healthcare, and interest payments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The largest portion of the federal government's budget is spent on national defense, Social Security, healthcare, and interest payments. These four categories generally account for roughly 60-73% of all federal spending, as shown in the provided figures. The remaining portion of the budget covers various other categories such as international affairs, science and technology, natural resources and the environment, transportation, housing, education, and more.