Final answer:
In a group decisions process, the loss that occurs when participants take advantage of others' efforts is called free riding. Free riding refers to individuals who do not contribute but still benefit from a group activity.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a group decisions process, the loss that occurs when a participant takes advantage of others' efforts is described as free riding. Free riding refers to individuals who do not contribute to a group goal but still receive the same outcome as the group members who contribute. This behavior can lead to performance decline on easy tasks. It can lead to a decline in performance on easy tasks due to the lack of individual evaluation. Examples of free riding can be seen in situations like the tragedy of the commons, where self-interested individuals exploit a public resource, and the prisoner's dilemma, where participants have incentives to defect rather than cooperate.