Final answer:
Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were most influenced by the English Civil War, underlying their Enlightenment philosophies that also influenced the American Revolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
Philosophers Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were most influenced by the English Civil War. The Civil War, marked by political turmoil in England, significantly shaped Locke's thoughts on government and natural rights. Locke asserted the idea that if a government fails to protect the natural rights of life, liberty, and property, the people had the right to change it. This contrasted with the existing divine right of kings and introduced new theories of governance that resonated during the Enlightenment. It is this period, populated by figures like Hobbes and Locke, that laid the groundwork for revolutionary thought and (later influenced) the American Revolution. While both the French and American revolutions were certainly influenced by Enlightenment thinking, it was the English Civil War that directly shaped the ideologies of these prominent philosophers.