Final answer:
Prehistoric temples featuring statues of a possible mother goddess are found in Malta.
Therefore, the correct answer is: option "Malta".
Step-by-step explanation:
The megalithic temples of Malta are some of the earliest free-standing structures in the world, dating back to 3600-2500 BCE. These temples are renowned for their elaborate architecture, which includes corbelled roofs and various sculptures, amongst which are representations that are interpreted as a mother goddess figure.
The temples, such as those at Ħaġar Qim, Mnajdra, and the Tarxien complex, provide the best example of the prehistoric worship of a deity potentially resembling a mother goddess.
The archaeological records from other ancient civilizations such as the Indus River Valley, Sumeria, and civilizations of the Ohio River Valley indicate different social and religious structures, focusing more on cities and urban planning rather than massive religious stone structures similar to those found in Malta.
For instance, the Indus Valley Civilization, with prominent cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, was known for its urban planning and modest burial practices, there is little evidence of elaborate religious buildings or statues of deities similar to those found in Malta.