Final answer:
The local signs of inflammation—swelling, redness, and pain—are true and caused by the body's innate immune response to injury or infection. Systemic manifestations, like anorexia and vomiting, can also occur, though fever is a more commonly acknowledged example. Thus, the statement is true.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the local manifestations of inflammation include swelling, redness, and pain is true. These symptoms result from protective vascular reactions in the body, part of the innate immune response to combat inflammation. The localized redness and heat are due to increased blood flow while swelling or edema is caused by the osmotic movement of fluid from blood vessels into the interstitial spaces. Pain often arises from the release of chemicals like prostaglandins and the pressure from the swelling. Loss of function may also be observed as an additional local effect of inflammation.
Additionally, systemic manifestations of inflammation, such as anorexia and vomiting, are also possible. These are more widespread effects that can occur when the inflammatory response triggers reactions in the entire body. Fever, for instance, is a well-known systemic manifestation of inflammation, as it raises body temperature and stimulates the immune response.
While anorexia and vomiting are not specifically mentioned in the resources provided, they can be considered part of the systemic effects of inflammation. Therefore, considering the given information and common medical knowledge, the statement about anorexia and vomiting being systemic manifestations of inflammation can be considered true.