Final answer:
The philosophy of the Enlightenment challenged the practice of feudalism and the divine right of kings by promoting new ideas about government and individual rights.
Step-by-step explanation:
The philosophy of the Enlightenment challenged the practice of feudalism and the divine right of kings by promoting new ideas about government and individual rights.
Enlightenment thinkers such as John Locke, Voltaire, and Rousseau argued for the natural rights of individuals, including the right to life, liberty, and property. They asserted that governments should be based on the consent of the governed and that the power of rulers should be limited.
These ideas undermined the belief in the divine right of kings, which held that monarchs derived their authority directly from God, and that challenging their rule was a sin. The Enlightenment sparked movements for political reform and revolution, such as the American and French Revolutions, which aimed to replace absolutist monarchies with constitutional governments.