Final answer:
The major parts of a human cell are the cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes. These structures are fundamental for the cell's functionality, including maintaining its structure, protecting genetic material, and synthesizing proteins.
Step-by-step explanation:
Major Parts of a Human Cell in Alphabetical Order
The major parts of a human cell, listed in alphabetical order, include the cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane), cytoplasm, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), and ribosomes. These components are essential for the structure and functionality of cells. The cell membrane encloses the cell's contents and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell. The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance that contains all the organelles and cell components. DNA contains the genetic information necessary for the regulation of all the cellular processes, and ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis.
Each human cell varies in shape and size and may contain additional specialized structures that help it carry out unique functions. For example, muscle cells contain many mitochondria to provide the energy for muscle contraction, and nerve cells have long projections called axons that help them transmit electrical signals.