Final answer:
Correlation measures the degree of association between two variables, indicating how they change together or in opposite directions. A correlation coefficient ranging from -1 to +1 represents the strength and direction of correlation. A coefficient close to 1 or -1 suggests a strong relationship, while a coefficient close to 0 suggests a weak or no relationship.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking about how closely test scores correspond (or correlate) with behavior as measured in other contexts. This is a concept related to statistics and data analysis, specifically the study of correlation. Correlation measures the degree of association between two variables, indicating how the variables change together or in opposite directions. The strength and direction of correlation can be represented by a correlation coefficient, which is a number ranging from -1 to +1. A correlation coefficient close to +1 or -1 indicates a strong relationship between the two variables, while a correlation coefficient close to 0 indicates a weak or no relationship.