Final answer:
A group of people ruled by their native land while living in a distant area set up a colony, with Spain establishing the first ones in the Americas. Post-independence, America chose republicanism as its form of government. The effects of colonialism are profound, impacting local cultures and governance.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a group of people settle in a distant land but are still ruled by the government of their native land, the system that is set up is known as a colony. The first colonies in the Americas were established by Spain, and as these colonies grew into empires, there was a significant global movement of people and cultures. For example, Great Britain had colonies as diverse as Kenya, Australia, and Canada. These colonial governments often replicated the political structures of their mother countries, as seen in British colonies which developed governmental bodies similar to the king, his council, and Parliament. After the American revolution, the newly independent states turned to a form of government called republicanism. The impact of colonialism on local cultures and governance was profound, often dismantling indigenous political structures and imposing European ideologies and hegemonies that have left lasting effects even post-independence.