Final answer:
A woman denied a higher-paying position due to gender bias is experiencing gender discrimination, which is prohibited by U.S. legal and ethical employment standards.
Step-by-step explanation:
A woman being turned down for a higher-paying position because the manager believes men perform the duties better than women is an example of gender discrimination in the labor market. This type of discrimination occurs when employers act on the belief that members of a certain group, in this case women, are inferior or less capable due to their gender. Employment discrimination includes various practices where workers with the same skill levels, as measured by education, experience, and expertise, receive different pay or job opportunities because of characteristics like race or gender. The glass ceiling is a related concept, referring to an invisible barrier that prevents women from reaching higher-level positions. In the United States, legal and ethical practices demand that organizations promote equality, and public policies have been established to combat these discriminatory practices.