Final answer:
The relative velocity of bus P with respect to bus Q after 1 second is the sum of their individual velocities, resulting in 27 m/s.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks to calculate the relative velocity of bus P with respect to bus Q after 1 second. Relative velocity is defined as the velocity of one object as observed from another object. Since buses P and Q are moving in opposite directions, we add their speeds to find the relative velocity. Bus P has a velocity of 15 m/s, and bus Q has a velocity of 12 m/s. After 1 second, the relative velocity of P with respect to Q will be the sum of their velocities, which is 15 m/s + 12 m/s = 27 m/s.