Final answer:
A population pyramid is the diagram used to display the age and sex distribution of a population, providing insight into the population's growth trends and sex ratio.
Step-by-step explanation:
The demographic diagram used to display the age and sex distribution of a population is called a population pyramid. A population pyramid is a graphic representation that effectively illustrates the population distribution according to age and sex, with male and female populations typically represented on separate sides of the pyramid. It provides insights into the sex ratio, which is the ratio of males to females in a population, and indicates whether a population is experiencing growth, stability, or decline. This is often assessed by subtracting the mortality rate from the birth rate to understand the population change. When a population reaches a point where the number of people entering it through birth or immigration are equal to the number of people leaving through death or emigration, it is said to have achieved zero population growth. The bars within a population pyramid can show the total population divided into percentages for different age cohorts. The shape of the pyramid can suggest whether a country's population is increasing, stable, or decreasing. For example, a pyramid with a wide base and narrow top suggests rapid population growth, while an inverted pyramid, with a narrow base, indicates negative growth.