Final answer:
Stalin's Five-Year Plan, initiated in 1928, significantly affected workers and farmers by pushing for rapid industrialization and forced agricultural collectivization, leading to mass starvation, particularly the tragic Holodomor in Ukraine.
Step-by-step explanation:
Joseph Stalin's Five-Year Plan, which commenced in 1928, primarily affected workers and farmers (A). The plan's focus was to commandeer the economy towards rapid industrialization and the forced collectivization of agriculture. As a result, the plan had devastating effects on the agricultural sector, leading to mass starvation and upheaval among the peasantry. Many workers were pressed into service in burgeoning industries, facing harsh conditions and the pressure of meeting unrealistic production quotas. The plan also disrupted the traditional lifestyle of wealthier peasants, known as 'kulaks', as their lands were confiscated in the process of collectivization.
The Five-Year Plan aimed to increase industrial capacity, particularly in heavy industries like iron and steel, and to create an industrial base that could match Western powers. While it did achieve certain industrial goals and expanded Soviet industry by approximately 50 percent, it came at an enormous human cost, including the tragic famine known in Ukraine as Holodomor.