Final answer:
The Black Death led to labor shortages that fueled a rise in the merchant class, leading to growth in cities and the decline of feudalism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The growth of cities in Europe and the decline of the Middle Ages were influenced by several factors. One such significant impact was the aftermath of the Black Death, a devastating pandemic causing severe labor shortages across the continent. Following the Black Death, many peasants left rural areas in search of employment in towns and cities, contributing to the decline of feudal society and the rise of more centralized, monarchic states.
In addition, the death of many clergy members during the plague made monarchs more dependent on the merchant class, increasing their influence. The merchant class played a pivotal role in the growth of cities as they emerged as a new power center in the shifting social structure. This urban migration fuelled economic expansion, although it was somewhat limited due to the scarcity of gold and silver coins which hindered the full potential of commercial activity.