Final answer:
In solids, particles are tightly packed with strong intermolecular forces, while in gases, they are far apart with negligible forces, resulting in gases having higher kinetic energy.
Step-by-step explanation:
In solids, particles are tightly packed with strong intermolecular forces, while in gases, they are far apart with negligible forces, resulting in gases having higher kinetic energy.
The kinetic particle theory describes the arrangement, movement, and energy of particles in matter. In solids, particles are tightly packed together in a regular pattern and vibrate about fixed positions. They exhibit restricted motion due to strong intermolecular forces which hold them in place. In gases, on the other hand, particles are far apart with no regular arrangement, moving freely and independently at high speeds. The intermolecular forces in gases are negligible, allowing particles to have greater freedom of movement. Consequently, particles in a gas have a higher kinetic energy compared to those in a solid due to the lack of restraint from intermolecular forces and the increased movement at higher temperatures.