Final answer:
The balance of power between the British king and Parliament shifted significantly from the 13th century with the Magna Carta to the 17th century Glorious Revolution, which led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the increase of Parliament's power.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking about the shifting balance of power between the British king and Parliament from the 13th century through the Glorious Revolution in the 17th century. It's important to note that the Magna Carta, established in 1215, actually laid the groundwork for limiting the monarch's power by requiring the king to consult nobles before making certain decisions.
Over time, this evolved and Parliament gained more influence, particularly with the development of a representative government led by a prime minister.
By the 17th century, the power struggle between the monarchy and Parliament intensified, notably with the English Civil Wars in the 1640s and the Glorious Revolution in 1688-1689. The Glorious Revolution was a turning point as it not only involved a relatively peaceful change of monarchs but also led to significant reforms.
These reforms were codified in the English Bill of Rights in 1689, which outlined the rights of citizens and explicitly defined the powers of Parliament, setting the stage for a constitutional monarchy where the king's powers were limited.
The Glorious Revolution ultimately shifted the balance of power towards Parliament, establishing it as a key component of the British government and diminishing the concept of divine right and the absolute rule of the monarch.