Final answer:
The Populist demands in the late 1800s most reflected the concerns of small farmers in need of affordable credit, seeking economic relief and representation against the elite interests of bankers and capitalists. The correct option is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
The demands of the Populist movement in the late 1800s most reflected the concerns of small farmers in need of affordable credit. The Populists emerged in response to the economic struggles faced by these farmers who were seeking alternatives to the inadequate responses from both the government and established political parties.
Drawing on their experiences and hardships, the Populists advocated for a platform that included a graduated income tax, eight-hour workday, direct election of U.S. Senators, and loan programs tailored to balance the costs of food. Particularly significant was their demand for the unlimited coinage of silver, aimed at assisting farmers and the working class by potentially increasing the money supply and causing inflation, which would ease their debts.
Throughout the 1890s, the Populist Party, or the People's Party, sought to unite the farming community with urban workers, creating a coalition against the perceived elite interests of bankers and capitalists. While achieving some political success, the Populists saw their influence wane by the end of the century. However, their goals continued to resonate and were later adopted by other political entities in the Progressive Era.
Hence, Option 1 is correct.