Final answer:
Polymers that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and are significant for insulation and long-term energy storage, are lipids, making the correct answer option C. Lipids.
Step-by-step explanation:
Polymers are essential biological molecules comprising long chains of monomers linked by covalent bonds. Among the polymers are proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids.
When speaking of polymers consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that are important for insulation and long-term energy storage, we are referring to lipids. Lipids include fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids, which store energy for long-term use, provide insulation from the environment, and are key components of cellular membranes.
Proteins, while also polymers, serve functions as enzymes, hormones, and structural components, rather than primarily for insulation or energy storage. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Lipids.