Question

Two organisms within the same species can often still have a variety of traits. For example, some humans have straight hair while others may have curly hair, and some even bald. What causes these differences between organisms?

Answer 1

Variations in traits among organisms of the same species arise due to genetic differences and gene expression. Environmental factors and natural selection also contribute to these variations, leading to the diversity observed within species.

Step-by-step explanation:

The differences in traits between organisms of the same species are caused by variations in genetic makeup and differences in gene expression due to environmental influences.

Within a species, genetic diversity is the cornerstone for trait variations among organisms. Each individual inherits a unique combination of genes from their parents, which contributes to differences in characteristics such as hair type or baldness in humans. Besides genetic differences, gene expression plays a crucial role. This involves which genes are active at certain times and under particular environmental conditions, leading to variations in physical appearance and functioning—even among clones or individuals with identical genes.

Moreover, the environment can impose selective pressures, resulting in natural selection that shapes the prevalence of specific traits in a population over time, such as the giraffe's long neck. Understanding that most characteristics of organisms are inherited, and offspring vary among themselves, is essential to comprehend the biological diversity on Earth and the evolution of species.