Final answer:
The correct option is A). By joining a union, workers might hope to gain higher wages, better working conditions, job security, and protection from unfair treatment through collective bargaining, while also benefiting from job training and reduced turnover costs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Workers might hope to gain several benefits by joining a union in 2020, including higher wages and benefits, better working conditions, job security, and protection from unfair treatment. This encompasses the concept of collective bargaining rights, where unions negotiate on behalf of their members to secure improved terms of employment. Moreover, because many of these benefits, such as pay increases and safer working conditions, apply to all workers within a bargaining unit, there's a free-rider problem where some may enjoy these without contributing to the union's efforts. However, unions advocate not just for immediate perks but also for long-term professional development, providing job training and apprenticeship programs that can enhance worker productivity and reduce turnover-related costs for employers.