Final answer:
The term referring to long-term weather and atmospheric conditions is climate, which is distinct from short-term weather patterns.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that refers to weather and atmospheric conditions measured over a long period of time is climate. Unlike weather which describes short-term atmospheric conditions, climate is concerned with the long-term patterns of temperature and precipitation in a particular region. The classification of climates into various types is based on these long-term conditions and includes categories such as A, B, C, D, E, and H, following the Köppen-Geiger classification system.