Final answer:
The subject of this question is Mathematics, specifically probability and statistics. The sample space for selecting a book from the shelf is all the possible outcomes, which in this case would be all the books on the shelf. The sum of the probabilities of an event and its complement is always equal to 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question is Mathematics, specifically probability and statistics.
The sample space for selecting a book from the shelf is all the possible outcomes, which in this case would be all the books on the shelf. Since there are 12 books and each book has a unique title, the sample space would consist of the 12 books.
The sum of the probabilities of an event and its complement is always equal to 1. In this case, the event would be selecting a fiction book (F) and its complement would be selecting a nonfiction book (N). So, P(F) + P(N) = 1.