Final answer:
2. Sales tax and 4. excise tax are both indirect taxes, levied on business transactions and specific goods, respectively, unlike income and property taxes, which are direct taxes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question, "Which tax is an indirect tax?" refers to the type of tax that is not directly paid by an individual but is instead passed on as part of the cost of goods or services. The options provided are: 1) Income tax, 2) Sales tax, 3) Property tax, and 4) Excise tax. Sales tax and excise tax are both types of indirect taxes. Sales tax is levied on business transactions, especially the sale of goods and services, while excise tax is levied on the production or sale of specific goods. Conversely, income tax and property tax are direct taxes; the former is paid on an individual's wages or salary and the latter on the value of real estate.
An indirect tax is a tax that is imposed on goods and services, rather than on individuals or firms directly. Out of the given options, sales tax and excise tax are examples of indirect taxes. Sales tax is imposed on the value of goods sold, usually at the point of sale. Excise tax, on the other hand, is a tax levied on the production or sale of specific goods, such as tobacco, alcohol, or gasoline.