Final answer:
The military-industrial complex significantly influenced American society by increasing technological advancements and innovation due to government investments in defense spending and related industries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The military-industrial complex has had a significant impact on American society. The statement that best describes this effect is that the military-industrial complex led to an increase in technological advancements and innovation. Not only did this relationship spur growth in defense-related industries and technological breakthroughs, but it also significantly changed government involvement in the private sector, affecting the economic landscape and even education systems. As the government invested heavily in defense spending, funds were allocated towards research and development, ultimately fostering new technologies that would benefit both the military and civilian sectors. This shift saw a rise in jobs within these industries and related areas, contributing to economic prosperity during the post-WWII period. However, this increase in defense spending arguably came at the cost of social program funding.