Final Answer:
The space technology best suited for the required job is the orbiting telescope. So, option 1 is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Orbiting telescopes, such as the Hubble Space Telescope, offer significant advantages over land-based telescopes, space probes, satellites, and spectroscopes for the specified task. First and foremost, orbiting telescopes provide a clear and unobstructed view of celestial objects without atmospheric interference.
Unlike land-based telescopes that are susceptible to atmospheric distortions, an orbiting telescope can capture high-resolution images and spectra, allowing for more accurate observations. This is crucial when studying distant galaxies, nebulae, or other astronomical phenomena where precise data is essential for analysis.
Furthermore, the orbiting telescope's mobility and adaptability make it superior to other options. While land-based telescopes are fixed to a specific location and space probes are designed for specific missions, an orbiting telescope can be repositioned to observe different celestial objects, providing versatility in research.
Additionally, the orbiting telescope's location above Earth's atmosphere eliminates light pollution, enabling astronomers to study faint objects with greater clarity. The ability to avoid atmospheric absorption lines enhances the accuracy of spectroscopic measurements, crucial for understanding the composition and properties of celestial bodies.
In conclusion, the orbiting telescope emerges as the optimal choice due to its ability to provide clear, high-resolution observations free from atmospheric distortions, mobility for versatile research, and the elimination of light pollution for precise spectroscopic measurements. These factors collectively make the orbiting telescope the most suitable space technology for the specified job.