Final answer:
Smog causes respiratory problems, sky glow disrupts ecosystems and star observations, eutrophication leads to depleted oxygen in water bodies, and contaminated soil can cause health risks and environmental issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
To match the pollution type to its effect:
- Smog is a type of air pollution caused by the combination of smoke and fog. It is typically made of a mixture of pollutants, including particles and ground-level ozone, leading to respiratory problems and other health issues for humans, as well as damaging crops and other plants.
- Sky glow refers to the brightening of the night sky over inhabited areas due to light pollution, which disrupts ecosystems, affects animal behavior, and obscures the observation of stars and planets for astronomers.
- Eutrophication is the process whereby water bodies such as lakes, rivers, or streams become overly enriched with nutrients, leading to excessive growth of algae. This can result in oxygen depletion, affecting fish and other aquatic life, making water unsafe for drinking and recreational purposes.
- Contaminated soil results from the deposition of hazardous materials in the soil. These can be pollutants like heavy metals or chemicals that may lead to a loss of soil fertility, harm to living organisms, and can even enter the food chain, posing potential health risks to humans and wildlife.