Question

Life on earth comes in many forms, but all living things are made up of the same types of molecules. Many of these molecules contain carbon and are called organic compounds. There are four main groups of organic compounds found in cells. One of these groups is carbohydrates. Which of the following are the primary functions of carbohydrates? Select the two best choices.

1) Energy storage and structural support
2) Enzyme production and cell signaling
3) DNA replication and protein synthesis
4) Gas exchange and waste removal

Answer 1

Carbohydrates primarily function as energy storage and structural support within cells, providing energy through molecules like glucose and contributing to cell integrity with compounds such as cellulose. Option 1) Energy storage and structural support is the correct answer.

Step-by-step explanation:

Carbohydrates are fundamental organic compounds that play vital roles in biological processes. One of their primary functions is to provide energy storage for cells in the form of sugars and starches, which can be broken down to release energy as needed. Another significant role of carbohydrates is offering structural support, exemplified by the cellulose in plant cell walls that adds strength and rigidity, allowing plants to maintain their shape.

The two primary functions of carbohydrates are thus energy storage and structural support. These functions are critical to the survival and operation of both plant and animal cells. Compounds like glucose, a monosaccharide, are used to store energy that can be later converted into ATP, which is the main energy currency of the cell.

Meanwhile, polysaccharides like starch serve as long-term energy reserves, and others, such as cellulose, provide the necessary structural integrity to cells and tissues.

Considering these critical roles, the correct options that describe the primary functions of carbohydrates are:

1. Energy storage and structural support