Final answer:
Gordon Allport's personality theory includes cardinal, central, and secondary traits, which are fundamental in understanding personality structures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cardinal, central, and secondary traits are all part of Gordon Allport's theory of personality. Allport organized these personality traits into three categories, with cardinal traits being those that dominate an individual's entire personality, though they are not very common. Central traits are the main characteristics that make up our personalities, and secondary traits emerge only in certain situations or under specific circumstances.
While Raymond Cattell narrowed the traits to about 171 and identified 16 factors of personality, the Big Five personality factors or the Five Factor Model, proposed by Robert McCrae and Paul Costa, offered a more widely accepted approach, simplifying personality traits into five broad categories: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.